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*Motor Efficiency Improvement EPACT was passed in 1992 but motor efficiency provisions took effect in 1997. Commercial, institutional and, particularly, industrial operations use substantial amounts of power for electric motors. Although “high” or “premium” efficiencies may have only a few percentage points better.
*For a slip of 2.00% (0.02), calculate the speed, stator current, power factor, output torque and power and efficiency when the motor is operated at rated voltage and frequency. The synchronous speed of the motor is given by equation 1: SS = (120 X f) / P = (120 X 60) / 8 = 900 rpm Rotor speed (motor slip is known), equation 2.
*AC Induction Motor Construction and Performance. Easy to predict motor performance for a three-phase motor windings, notoriously difficult for a single-phase designs. Requiring bypassing of the failed coil, replacement or rewind. Electric Machine Parameter and Testing — Part 5.
*Induction Motor Winding Calculation
*Induction Motor Rewinding Calculations
Whena motor burns out, do you rewind it or replace it? Back in Issue 3 of Smart Energy User we introduced this important topic, and here andin our next issue we explore some of the key questions in more detail.
Sometimes — for one of the reasonsdiscussed in this article — the obvious best approach is to rewind themotor. If the magnetic core of a failedmotor is undamaged and appropriate procedures are followed, a rewound motorwill retain its original efficiency. Properly repaired, a “standard” efficiency motor will have its original“standard” efficiency, and an energy-efficient (EE) motor will have itsoriginal high efficiency.
On the other hand, those times when amotor has failed are also opportunities to upgrademotor efficiency. Especially if thefailed motor is 10 or more years old — perhaps with unknown efficiency, andpossibly having been improperly rewound in the past — you will want toseriously consider all the options,and look into the economics of replacing it with a new EE motor.
THE PAYBACKISSUE
The more horsepower a motor delivers, andthe more hours per year it runs, the greater the operating cost and the moreimportant the motor’s efficiency turns out to be. Small motors, and motors that are used infrequently or only forshort periods, don’t cost a lot to run even if they are inefficient. But when a large horsepower motor operatesfor thousands of hours per year, the operating cost is substantial. And, that motor’s efficiency can have asignificant effect on the company’s bottom line.
The Dc Motor Types & Dc Motor is a Mechanism by which Electrical Energy is Converted into Mechanical Energy. Western digital hard disk repair tool download. Both in principle and in design, the D.C. Motor is the Dc Motor Types-Dc Motor Magnet-Dc Motor Diagram.
If a standard efficiency motor has failed,you face
adilemma: Should you spend x dollars tohave the motor rewound, and keep the operating cost the same — or potentiallyhigher? Or should you spendsignificantly more than x dollars for a new EE motor, and reduce the operating cost? It is possible to arrive at rational answers to these questions by doingsome simple calculations. For informationon how to do this, see the article in the last issue (Issue 17), Calculating What it Costs to Run a Motor,and the article in our next issue (Issue 19), Easy Comparison of Motor Cost/Payback Options. (If you don’t have copies of these issues,call us.)
STATOR COREDAMAGE
Induction motors employ an armature that rotates within a fixed stator, with a small air gap between thetwo. A typical motor stator is shownbelow. Dell m1210 ram. Typical induction motor stator
Itconsists of a core of stacked, insulated, iron laminations, with windings ofinsulated copper wire
Allowable current density is not a random choice. It is directly related to the temperature of the conductor and is dependent on the insulation (on the individual strand, on the turn, and on the completed coil), the method and efficiency of the cooling, the heat transfer properties of the surrounding magnetic materials, and the nature of the current itself (AC or DC).
As a really rough approximation, a current density of 3000 ampere / mm^2 equates to something like a temperature rise of 80 C. A density of 4000 ampere / mm^2 equates to roughly 105 C rise. Note that this is for a machine where the primary coolant medium is air, and the basic ingredients to the insulation system are a combination of resin and mica.
Note that this is relationship is not directly between current density (measured as CURRENT PER CROSS-SECTIONAL AREA OF A SINGLE TURN) - and conductor diameter. You’d need to be able to get from cross-sectional area to diameter, and also to figure out how many conductors are necessary to create a single turn in the winding. Induction Motor Winding Calculation
The equation to get from diameter (in units) to cross-sectional area (in same units^2) is:
*(diameter) = 2 * [ ( area ) / 3.14159 ]^0.5Induction Motor Rewinding Calculations
The basics of the system design - whether that is a coil in a slot or cabling in a raceway - decide the starting point for allowable current density (or current-carrying capacity). This includes all of the following items (and probably a few I’ve forgotten to mention): the ambient conditions, the properties of the conductor material, the type and material of insulation, the cooling method, the primary (and sometimes secondary) coolant material, and the heat transfer characteristics associated with ALL of them.
The bottom line is that current density is not - from a manufacturer’s point of view - the driver for obtaining a specific design point. It is a reflection of other choices made in the design, and serves as a check on the efficacy of the design (based on historical data).
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